What are Socrates two teachings?

These principles are what Socrates thought were the most important goals of philosophy.

• Discover and Pursue Your Life’s Purpose. Strive to discover who you are, what is your life mission, and what you are trying to become.
• Care for your soul.
• Be a good person and you will not be harmed by outside forces.

When did Aristotle live?

384 BC – 322 BC

What are the 4 causes in philosophy?

Aristotle’s Four Causes

• Material Cause – the stuff out of which something is made.
• Formal Cause – the defining characteristics of (e.g., shape) the thing.
• Final Cause – the purpose of the thing.
• Efficient Cause – the antecedent condition that brought the thing about.

What are the first causes in philosophy?

First cause, in philosophy, the self-created being (i.e., God) to which every chain of causes must ultimately go back. The term was used by Greek thinkers and became an underlying assumption in the Judeo-Christian tradition.

Why are the four causes important?

Aristotle used the four causes to provide different answers to the question, “because of what?” The four answers to this question illuminate different aspects of how a thing comes into being or of how an event takes place.

Where does Aristotle talk about the four causes?

This theory is presented in its most general form in Physics II 3 and in Metaphysics V 2. In both texts, Aristotle argues that a final, formal, efficient or material cause can be given in answer to a why-question.

What are the types of motion according to Aristotle?

Aristotle recognizes four different types of motion or change, corresponding to four of his categories: substance, quality, quantity, and place. Today, the tendency is to think of motion in terms of locomotion, that is, motion from one place to another or repetitive motion, such as circular motion.

What is Aristotle’s law of motion?

Aristotle’s Laws of Motion. Nothing moves unless you push it. [ it is moved by a mover] Some motion is natural for the sublunar elements, rectilinear motion to or away from the earth’s center for the supralunar quintessence, circular motion. All other motion is violent, and requires a mover.

What is natural motion according to Aristotle?

Aristotle’s Laws of Motion – Some motions maintain themselves – these are called natural motion. An example of a natural motion is a falling rock. – Objects seek their natural place. For the rock, this natural place is the ground. – Fire rises, it is seeking its natural place in the sky (or something like that).

What are the four elements of the Earth according to Aristotle?

In particular, he believed in four elements: earth, air, fire, and water. Empedocles was a physician as well as a philosopher.

Why Aristotle fallacy is wrong?

This is why it is called Aristotle’s fallacy. However, in the natural world, opposing forces are always present. Hence, we do need an external force to overcome them….Is an external force required to keep a body in uniform motion?